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Identifying Risks

Risk and Warnings are generated using Policies and Requirements located in the Policy Manager.  NP policies and requirements are automatically assigned to all devices when they are imported and run when network device configuration changes are identified.

The following default policies are provided for all Compliance modules:

  • NP-Parser Policy – triggers from device configuration files
  • NP Path Policy – triggers from the results of the path analysis
  • NP Rule Policy – triggers from access rules

CiS Benchmarks are provides as part of the Best Practices Module

  • CiS Benchmark for Check Point
  • CiS Benchmark for Cisco
  • CiS Benchmark for Palo Alto

 

Policy Management

Each policy is broken down into a set of requirements that are used to identify potential network risks.

By clicking on a specific Policy and Requirement, the details and Regex logic for the requirement is displayed.

Policies and Requirements are global in nature and changes made when within one workspace apply to all workspaces.  For example, if a Policy, Requirement or Device is deactivated in one workspace, that update applies to all workspaces. Default policies and requirements can be “Enabled or Disabled” by clicking the blue bubble and “Run” by clicking the “Run” button. Default policies and requirements cannot be edited or deleted.

Policy Requirement Risk Severity
NP Parser Policy Unnecessary EIGRP Network Low
Broadcast traffic permission Low
Traffic to multicast group Low
Empty Field Low
Unused ACL's Low
Unused group Low
Mixed any and not any Low
Unassigned interface Low
Missing interfaces Low
Rule following schedule Low
NP Path Policy Any protocol path Medium
NP Rule Policy Any protocol path High
Any to any IP Medium
Any source IP High
Any destination IP Medium
Any protocol Medium
Any destination port Medium

 

CiS Benchmark

In addition to the NP-Policies, portions of the CiS Benchmark has been provided for several manufacturers.  CiS Benchmarks provide a power set of secondary policies to help identify risk within your network.  CiS Benchmarks are disabled by default and must manually be enabled and assigned to devices. As noted above, changes to Policies, Requirements or Devices apply to all workspaces. CiS Benchmark Policies and Requirements can be deactivated but not edited or deleted.

 

Requirement Risk Severity
Ensure 'Login Banner' is set Low
Ensure CLI session timeout is set to less than or equal to 10 minutes Low
Ensure Check for Password Reuse is selected and History Length is set to 12 or more Low
Ensure DHCP is disabled Low
Ensure DNS server is configured Low
Ensure Deny access after failed login attempts is selected Low
Ensure Deny access to unused accounts is selected Low
Ensure Disk Space Alert is set Low
Ensure force users to change password at first login after password was changed from Users page is selected Low
Ensure Host Name is set Low
Ensure IPv6 is disabled if not used Low
Ensure Maximum number of failed attempts allowed is set to 5 or fewer Low
Ensure Minimum Password Length is set to 14 or higher Low
Ensure NTP is enabled and IP address is set for Primary and Secondary NTP server Low
Ensure Password Complexity is set to 3 Low
Ensure Password Expiration is set to 90 days or less Low
Ensure Telnet is disabled Low
Ensure Warn users before password expiration is set to 7 days or less Low
Ensure Web session timeout is set to less than or equal to 10 minutes Low
Ensure Radius or TACACS+ server is configured Low
Logging should be enabled for all Firewall Rules Low

 

Requirement Risk Severity
Ensure 'Domain Name' is set Low
Ensure 'Failover' is enabled Low
Ensure 'HTTP session timeout' is less than or equal to '5' minutes Low
Ensure 'Host Name' is set Low
Ensure 'LOGIN banner' is set Low
Ensure 'MOTD banner' is set Low
Ensure 'NTP authentication key' is configured correctly Low
Ensure 'Password Policy' is enabled Low
Ensure 'Password Recovery' is disabled Low
Ensure 'SNMP community string' is not the default string Low
Ensure 'SSH session timeout' is less than or equal to '5' minutes Low
Ensure 'TACACS+RADIUS' is configured correctly Low
Ensure 'console session timeout' is less than or equal to '5' minutes Low
Ensure 'local username and password' is set Low
Ensure 'logging with timestamps' is enabled Low
Ensure 'logging' is enabled Low
Ensure ActiveX filtering is enabled Low
Ensure DHCP services are disabled for untrusted interfaces Low
Ensure DOS protection is enabled for untrusted interfaces Low
Ensure Master Key Passphrase is set Low
Ensure email logging is configured for critical to emergency Low
Ensure explicit deny in access lists is configured correctly Low
Ensure 'trusted NTP server' exists Low
Ensure Enable Password is set Low
Ensure Java applet filtering is enabled Low
Ensure Logon Password is set Low
Ensure known default accounts do not exist Low

 

Requirement Risk Severity
Ensure 'Idle timeout' is less than or equal to 10 minutes for device management' is set Low
Ensure 'Login Banner' is set Low
Ensure 'Minimum Length' is greater than or equal to 12 Low
Ensure 'Minimum Lowercase Letters' is greater than or equal to 1 Low
Ensure 'Minimum Numeric Letters' is greater than or equal to 1 Low
Ensure 'Minimum Password Complexity' is enabled Low
Ensure 'Minimum Special Characters' is greater than or equal to 1 Low
Ensure 'Minimum Uppercase Letters' is greater than or equal to 1 Low
Ensure 'New Password Differs By Characters' is greater than or equal to 3 Low
Ensure 'Permitted IP Addresses' is set for all management profiles where SSH, HTTPS, or SNMP is enabled Low
Ensure 'Permitted IP Addresses' is set to those necessary for device management Low
Ensure 'Prevent Password Reuse Limit' is set to 24 or more passwords Low
Ensure 'Required Password Change Period' is less than or equal to 90 days Low
Ensure 'Service setting of ANY' in a security policy allowing traffic does not exist Low
Ensure HTTP and Telnet options are disabled for all management profiles Low
Ensure HTTP and Telnet options are disabled for the management interface Low
Ensure System Logging to a Remote Host Low
Ensure alerts are enabled for malicious files detected by WildFire Low
Ensure redundant NTP servers are configured appropriately Low
Ensure that a Zone Protection Profile with an enabled SYN Flood Action of SYN Cookies is attached to all untrusted zones Low
Ensure that a Zone Protection Profile with tuned Flood Protection settings enabled for all flood types is attached to all untrusted zones Low
Ensure that the Certificate used for Decryption is Trusted Low
Ensure valid certificate is set for browser-based administrator interface Low
Syslog logging should be configured Low

 

Risk Assessment Grading

At any given time, a monitored device can have one or more open risks or warnings. This information is used by our Grading algorithm to provide each device with a letter grade. The quantity, criticality and type of open risks and warnings go into the calculation.

This grade informs the users which devices have the highest security or compliance risks. The lower the letter grade, the higher the risk.

The grade for each monitored device can be seen by clicking on a device on the topology map and reviewing the Risk Assessment Grading on the device menu. Clicking on the menu item displays the details that went into the grade.

An depiction of the data flow is as follows:

The Device Risk Grade is calculated using the following weights:

  • High = 5
  • Medium = 3
  • Low = 1

The Device Risk Grade is calculated using a simple equation, for example: (5 high * 5) + (1 low * 1) = 26 -> 100 – 26 = 74 -> C

  • 90 -> 100 = A
  • 80 -> 89 = B
  • 70 -> 79 = C
  • 60 -> 69 = D
  • Else F

Issue Status is used to exclude both Resolved and Fixed issues from the calculation.

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